Ocean Pollution Due To the Land Sources

Abstract

The East China Sea (ECS) ecosystem has been met with immense pressures from anthropogenic activities and population development in the drainage basin of the Yangtze River and the coastal regions. Improper utilization of natural resources and short-term economic goals has led to significant environmental destruction within a comparatively short period of time, and degradation has now reached a degree of danger to coastal communities' health and well-being. Inorganic nitrogen, phosphate, hydrocarbons from tar, organic matter, and heavy metals are the major contaminants. Nutrients allow marine waters and estuarine environments to become eutrophic and very frequently stimulate the occurrence of red tides. The environmental degradation of the basin of the Yangtze River has a clear influence on the condition of the aquatic ecosystem within the ECS. A constant flow of water from the channel, which combines with the tidal saline water in the estuary, and the sediment loads from the river that offset ocean erosion in the delta and its neighboring coastal region, sustain the integrity of the environment. This foundation would be altered by the large-scale water transport and dam building in the Yangtze River Basin. The task for the ECS is to reverse the destructive processes taking place and to maintain the equilibrium of the environment. In order to encourage sustainable growth, the biggest task is to combine social and environmental decision-making. In order to overcome these obstacles, a better understanding of the driving forces in society which cause these environmental pressures is needed. International collaboration will contribute greatly to development and provide access, in particular, to financial, technical, research and human capital assistance.