Stability and Improvement in Principles for Management Work: A Review of Longitudinal Study

Abstract

This paper provides a longitudinal comparison of structures of management principles in China, Hong Kong, and the U.S. Using hierarchical cluster research, we assess the relevance of the three contrasting views on the development of the belief system in these three societies: integration, divergence, and cross-verge. We use the typology of socio-cultural power and market philosophy as the framework for constructing our theories. In addition, we analyze the contribution of the individual values to the total system values results within the values system. The multicultural crossvergence viewpoint is supported most strongly by results. The ideals of Hong Kong and China were more similar during a period of prosperity in the U.S. and major reform in both Hong Kong and China, although the values of these two Larger China cultures became more distinct from those of the U.S.