Paper Recycling

Abstract

Paper processing requires a variety of chemicals used either specifically in the production of paper and pulp or in the conversion processes (i.e. printing, gluing) that follow. Thanks to economic and environmental policies, the rate of paper recycling continues to increase. In Europe, recycling has grown by almost 20% over the last decade or so, hitting almost 72% in 2012. Increased recycling rates can involve poorer quality paper fractions. This may theoretically contribute to the aggregation or accidental distribution of chemical compounds in paper, e.g. by the incorporation of chemicals in waste paper into the recycling loop.This research offers an analysis of potentially paper-borne chemicals and introduces a sequential hazard screening protocol based on the inherent hazard, physico-chemical and biodegradability characteristics of the compounds. Based on the findings, 51 compounds (selected mineral oils, phthalates, phenols, parabens and other classes of chemicals) were listed as potentially important to the recycling of paper. It is recommended that more attention be paid to these chemicals in the waste paper.