Benefits and Drawbacks of Photovoltaic Solar Energy

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to understand the state of the art of photovoltaic solar energy through systematic literature studies that address the following topics: ways of obtaining energy, its pros and cons, implementations, current markets, costs and techniques, in accordance with what has been addressed in the scientific published studies up to 2016.The study indicates that photovoltaic electricity is increasing and might even play an essential part in meeting the nation's elevated energy requirements. Increasing the involvement of photovoltaic energy in the renewable energy market requires, first of all, educating people of its advantages; increasing research and development of new techniques; and, secondly, implementing public policy programs that promote the generation of photovoltaic energy. Even though crystal silicon solar cells were prevalent, other cell types were established that could compete, either in terms of reducing costs or in terms of higher efficiency and effectiveness.Telecommunications, liquid pumping, public lighting, BIPV, agriculture, heating systems, grain drying, desalination, spacecraft and satellite systems dominate the potential uses. All the findings on photovoltaic solar energy are technical, thereby creating the need for future studies on commercial feasibility, the cooperation of supply chains, the analysis of barriers and incentives for photovoltaic solar energy, and deeper findings on the factors influencing the position in the market of these kind of innovations.