Herbal Bioenhacers Foe Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients: A Review

Abstract

Adjacent epithelial/endothelial cells are connected by tight junctions, which are traversed by aqueous
channels/fenestrae through which only small water-soluble molecules (<600 Da) can pass to get
absorbed via the paracellular pathway. Pre-systemic metabolism occurs mainly in the enterocytes of
the gastrointestinal epithelium and the hepatocytes of the liver. The Cytochrome P450 (CYP) family of
enzymes account for the majority of oxidative metabolic reactions of xenobiotics during pre systemic
and systemic metabolism. Consistent with this hypothesis, the major marker compounds (>60%) for
quality control among the 474 monographs of herbs usually used in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia are
polyphenols, polysaccharides, and saponins. However, these compounds are known for their poor
solubility, permeability, and metabolic stability (i.e., they have significant oral bioavailability
conundrum). Ayurveda leads the modern researcher to find their way with candle. Most of allopathic
molecules almost 70% could be traced back to nature. It has started from the first concept of Yogvahi
using Trikatu as a Bioenhancer in ayurveda which was further applied successfully to various
modern medicines.